Dual Diagnosis: Eating Disorders and Alcohol/Substance Abuse

Dual Diagnosis: Eating Disorders and Alcohol/Substance Abuse Alcoholism is characterized by a strong craving to drink, an inability to stop drinking once beginning, a physical dependence upon alcohol to prevent symptoms of withdrawal, and a need for greater amounts of alcohol due to increased tolerance. Substance abuse is defined as the routine use of harmful substances for mood-altering purposes and can include illicit drugs, such as cocaine or heroin, prescription or over-the-counter drugs. Because alcoholism and substance abuse are known as co-occurring disorders, it usually develops alongside other illnesses, such aseating disorderor anxiety disorder. Eating disorders have been associated with high risk substance abuse as the individual has extremely low self-esteem and anxiety, to cope with their painful feelings they turn to stimulants like cocaine or meth, alcohol, laxatives, diuretics, emetics and amphetamines with are frequently used to decrease appetite, increase metabolism, promote weight loss or to purge unwanted calories after eat ing. Symptoms that occur with eating disorders vary a lot. You can experience obsessive thoughts about food and body weight can change eating patterns such as dieting, making excuses not to eat, avoidance of social situations involving food, going to the bathroom straight after meals, your mood can fluctuate from feeling depressed, irritable or anxious, daily activities are affected as you don’t want to go out socially, exercising excessively, spending a lot of time talking about appearance or weight or looking in the mirror and appearance such as wearing baggy clothes to disguise their weight, losing or gaining weight, greasy or dry hair and skin. As a result of these symptoms many individuals turn to alcoholism or substance abuse especially when they become stressed, depressed, have anxiety, low self esteem as it can elevate their mood and become more relaxed in their own skin. Especially people with eating disorders can rely heavily on alcohol as they have symptoms that alcohol reduces for that period of binging. It also can eliminate their feelings of worthlessness. It is also used as a hunger suppressant and to lose weight.The coping mechanisms of purging, bingeing, restricting, drinking is used as they have lost their connection with the original problem, in other words to forget about reality.Or alcohol can have the opposite effect on the individual about their lifestyle and it could result in suicide. Diagnosis of condition: there are two ways to find out the diagnosis of eating disorders and they are a physical evaluations and psychological evaluations. The physical evaluations can include recording their weight and height to get their body mass index, check their vital signs such as heart rate, blood pressure, pulse, temperature. You need to check their skin integrity to see whether there are any skin tears or is dry and flaky. Also need to do an abdomen examination, urinalysis, blood test to check their electrolytes; as theses will show us if the liver, kidney and thyroid functions are healthy or not. Psychological evaluations involves asking questions regarding their eating habits, behavior, purging, bingeing, exercise, self image, alcohol and substance abuse. These questions can be administered by your doctor or a mental health professional. After undergoing both physical and psychological evaluations the doctor will then see if you fit the criteria by reviewing all your sign s and symptoms and then a diagnostic is given. Management of the condition is to be referred to a nutritionist, undergo psychotherapy and be placed on medication to prevent hospitalization. The nutritionist will educate you and get you back to a healthy weight range; psychotherapist will help you exchange your unhealthy habits for healthy ones to ensure you have changed your eating habits and also educate them on the effects that the alcohol is having on their bodies. There is no medication that can cure eating disorders but can assist you with your sudden urges to binge or purge. They can also be given anti-depressants for depression and anxiety as this will most likely occur in eating disorders. Relaxation therapy is also extremely effective such as yoga, acupuncture, and massage and chamomile tea. They can also get counseling about their alcohol and drug addiction and slowly withdraw them off the substances. There are many companies and support groups out now that can help individuals with both drug and alcohol abuse. What is the prevalence of the condition in the Australian population? Eating disorders affect 9% of the Australian population, with up to 20% of females being not yet diagnosed. There has there been an increase in the prevalence in the past decade as it has doubled for both males and females. The reason for this change is that more teenagers are more susceptible to the pressures of social media and self image of being the perfect shape and size. It is becoming easier to access drugs and alcohol off the streets or have connections with individuals that are older and can buy it for them. Bullying in primary, secondary and tertiary schools and workplace related bullying. As a health professional, what could you do to participate in the ongoing education of people in society in relation to mental health and the disorder you have chosen? By going to local primary schools, high schools and tertiary schools to educate the students on the real risk factors of eating disorders drugs and alcohol have on their health and also talk about not falling to the social media pressures of being size 0 and trying to fit in. Place flyers up in local shops/companies/doctors clinic for people to read. Place adds in the news papers and online to spread the awareness of the affects that eating disorders and substance abuse can have on our selves, friends, families, co-workers and communities. How could you improve or maintain the flow of information between service providers and the community in relation to mental health? By running weekly forums on eating disorders and alcoholism to all ages, having various websites that the community can visit at any time, place ads on the TV about the impacts of eating disorders and advise everyone to get regular checkups at their local general practitioner. Dual diagnosis services are to support the development of responses of mental health and drug treatment services to individuals with both mental illness and substance use problems. They strive to develop the potential of hospital and community based alcohol and drug, and mental health treatment and support services to improve health outcomes of individuals with a dual diagnosis. Desiree Wyatt References Sane Australia. 2010.eating disorders. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.sane.org/information/factsheets-podcasts/179-eating-disorder. [Accessed 17 March 14]. The free dictionary. 2013.compulsive eating. [ONLINE] Available at:http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Compulsive+Eating. [Accessed 17 March 14]. Mayo clinic. 2013.eating disorders. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/eating-disorders/basics/tests-diagnosis/con-20033575. [Accessed 17 March 14]. National eating disorders collaboration. 2013.eating disorders in Australia. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.nedc.com.au/eating-disorders-in-australia. [Accessed 17 March 14]. eastern heath great health and wellbeing. 2013.dual diagnosis. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.easternhealth.org.au/services/mentalhealth/adult/dualdiagnosis.aspx. [Accessed 17 March 14]. Integrated Treatment of Substance Abuse Mental Illness. 2014. dual diagnosis, eating disorders. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.dualdiagnosis.org/eating-disorders/. [Accessed 16 July 14].

The Violence of Virgils Aeneid :: Aeneid Essays

The Violence of Virgil's Aeneid      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The story of Virgil's Aeneid was drawn from many sources, the most influential being the work of the Greek poet Homer.   Virgil based the first six books of the Aeneid on the Odessey and the last six books on the Iliad both written by Homer.   The Aeneid describes the adventures of Aeneas, the legendary Trojan hero who survived the fall of troy, sailed westward to Italy and founded Rome.   During the time that Virgil wrote the Aeneid he incorporated all known Rome history up to his own time.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The book is world renowned and also is said by many to be one of the best works ever.   The last chapter of the Aeneid has caused some problems for readers.   The first problem that is evident is the manner in which Aeneas deals with Turnus.   In book XII Turnus states that the fight should be between the two men as apposed to both armies fighting any further.   Turnus had every right to dislike Aeneas who came unannounced, tried to take his fiancà ©, Aeneas' son killed their sacred deer, and he took his land.   They have a great dual and Aeneas disarmed Turnus by striking him in the leg.   With his sword to his chest Turnus makes a last request for his body to be returned to his family, as Aeneas is considering the request he notices that Turnus is wearing the sword belt of Pallas and the stoic ways of Aeneas leave him as rage, fury, and anger run through his body.   He kills Turnus in anger and dedicates his death to Pallas. This loss of control and act of violence is the opposite of stoicism and the way Aeneas had been portrayed the rest of the epic.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Turnus has to die for the founding of Rome to occur but he should not have been killed in such a way.   The killing was payback for the dishonorable way that Pallas was killed.   The sword belt had images that reflect Augustinian Rome as did the shield in book eight.   The theft of the belt from Pallas can be compared to the stolen helmet and the youth slain when his guard was down and

Management Capacity Resume Essay

The purpose of this letter is to express my interest in working with your company in a management capacity.   I have over 15 years experience working for a major bottling company utilizing my Sales and Operations management skills which would be an asset to your organization. My diverse background includes serving in the United States Army Reserve.   In both my military and professional career, I have demonstrated excellent leadership abilities and exceptional customer service skills.   I successfully built a solid sales team consistently mentoring and motivating staff to meet and exceed company sales quotas. In addition to the skills noted on my resume, I can also offer your company: An enthusiastic individual seeking new endeavors, accomplishing personal and professional goals. A multi-tasking individual leveraging sales and marketing skills to exceed sales quotas. Excellent analytical ability with solid verbal and written communication skills. I look forward to speaking with you further to discuss my skills and qualifications.   You can reach me at the number listed above.

Essay about SOC 101 - 1212 Words

SOC101-Intro to Sociology March 2013 1. Part A. Describe the sociological concept of deviance. Briefly explain each of the approaches to explaining deviance (functionalist perspective, interactionist perspective, conflict perspective), telling which is most convincing to you and why. Provide examples from your own experience as appropriate. 2. Part B. Analyzing your own life; discuss your status in terms of ascribed status, achieved status, and master status. For each of these statuses, discuss the roles that you play. Give one example of role strain and role conflict from your own experience. Thinking about the future, which role do you think will cause you the most difficulty in terms of role exit? Why? The Sociological†¦show more content†¦The functionalists approach explains or support the idea that each part is important for the progress and function of the society as a whole. The Interactionist Perspective mainly focuses in the individual actions with each other in a daily basis and what their actions means. The emphasis on everyday behavior is the focus on Interactionist perspective which offers two explanations of crime; Cultural Transmission and Routine Activities Theory. (Schaefer, 2010, p175) Cultural Transmission could be interpreted as the way that humans passes their culture and set of values from one generation to next one within a society, since the culture is something that is learn through the interaction of individuals in social situations. Cultural transmission does not have anything to do with genetics instead it is the way in which people interact with others. The term Differential Association was used by Edwin Sutherland to describe the process through which exposure to attitude leads to the violations of rules Research also adds to non-criminal deviant acts such as smoking, truancy and early sexual behavior (Schaefer, 2010, p175). 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Reflections on Slavery Individuals Born Into and Gew Up...

This essay will summarize and reflect upon 5 individuals who were born into, and grew up in the United States of America under slavery. Lucinda Davis, Charity Anderson, Walter Calloway, Fountain Hughes and Richard Toley each have a compelling story to tell about the time when black Americans were not looked at as citizens and were not free to make decisions that were afforded to white Americans. Although their stories are brief and do not reflect all of the daily hardships that were faced by slaves during that time in our Nation’s history, they are, nonetheless, powerful in their message. Fearing above all else a beating that would result from a perceived act of disrespect, the fact that each of these individuals survived is an example†¦show more content†¦Mr. Calloway, similar to Charity Anderson, indicates a real respect for his master in that he was treated fairly, fed well and allowed to pray back in the bushes even though the work was hard and punishment was n ot uncommon. It seems to be a running theme that most of these narratives signify a mutual respect for their owners for not being worse than they could have been to the slaves. (Rawick) This sentiment is eluded by Richard Toler when he talks of not ever being mistreated by his master and even going so far as to tell his overseers that, â€Å" if they whipped him, he’d kill ‘em.† (Rawick) This was apparently not the norm for the rest of the slaves on this farm near Lynchburg, Virginia. Mr. Toler talks a great deal about other slaves being beaten and brutally tortured and abused. According to Mr. Toler, the slave owners did try to take care of their slaves by giving medicine and feeding them well as to protect their property. It was more of a financial investment than an act of kindness however and he talks of never having any good times until he was a freed slave. Lastly we hear from Fountain Hughes; a slave in Charlottesville, Virginia who claims to be the grandson of the slave gardener of Thomas Jefferson. Mr. Hughes was born into slavery with his brother and mother. He worked on a farm and had not home; he talks of sleeping on a wooded pallet on worse, a dirt

Feasibility Study On Using Ress Based Electrical Energy Essay

3. Feasibility Study 3.1 Solar Feasibility RESs based electrical energy is essentially compelled by geographic variables and utility components. India is one of the best beneficiaries of sunlight-based energy because of its ideal area in the sun-powered belt (40 °S to 40 °N). Accessibility of consistent solar radiation forecasting is crucial to the fulfillment of solar PV installations in distinctive geographical locations of the nation (Ramachandra et al., 2011). The Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) is beneficial for flat type solar collector while for sun creditors, which might be concentrating in nature Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) data forecasting is needed. Indian Meteorological Section is the foremost government corporation in subjects regarding meteorology in the country. MNRE has taken several initiatives to install numerous major projects in order to develop a Solar Atlas, which is capable of valuing or quantifying solar radiation as well as other weather parameters. In Phase I, C-WET, s ituated in Chennai, established a system of 51 monitoring stations crosswise over India in the end of Oct-2011, each comprising of two towers of 1.5m and 6m. The 1.5m tower houses worked as Pyranometer and Pyrheliometer. While the 6m towers deal with precipitation, temperature variation, atmospheric pressure, moistness/ humidity, and wind speed surveying instruments. The maximum number of towers comprising of surveying instruments are situated in- Rajasthan, i.e. 12 towersShow MoreRelatedA Framework for Diagnosing Competitive Superiority14131 Words   |  57 Pagesalternatively adopts a competitor-centered perspective. To overcome possible myopia, the evidence of advantage should illuminate the sources of advantage as well as the manifestations of superior customer value and cost superiority, and should be based on a balance of customer and competitor perspectives. HE notion that superior performance requires a business to gain and hold an advantage over comf)etitors is central to contemporary strategic thinking. Businesses seeking advantage are exhorted

Competitive Strategy of Alibaba & Dominos Pizza-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Strategy of Alibaba and Dominos Pizza. Answer: Introduction Competitive strategy consists of plans and strategies to gain competitive edge in the market. The present report provides brief description of Alibaba and Dominos Pizza. It also includes the theory of business model innovation of both the companies and how they have used it to create a distinct image in the industry. Company 1: Alibaba Alibaba Company was a B2B enterprise in its initial years but they increased their portfolio to make sure that they grow at a rapid pace in the market. Chinese market has been experiencing a gradual shift in the technology and expectations of the consumers. Alibaba adopted innovation, organisational flexibility, information system and replanning process for continuous development (Business Model Alibaba, 2014). Alibaba has been selected for the analysis because it is the largest retailer in the world. They have been able to capture 80% of the market in China. The company has been benefitted from their cost leadership strategy which has been excellent. They have been proactive in their approach due to their replanning process. Alibaba has been able to generate profits even at lower profit margins due to their effective cost leadership strategy. Their business model is based on continuous development which allows them to make changes in their processes and strategies as per the business environment. They have been using Revenue model innovation theories in the organisation (Gnzel and Holm, 2013). It provides a direction to the organisation because the revenue framework takes into account the target audience, pricing strategy, marketing, value chain and growth. They have developed a well structure revenue business model which helps them to accomplish the main objectives of the firm. They have been changing their plans and approaches to allow innovation and development. They have ensured that they provide re-configuration in their products, services and value mix. They use advertisement, promotions, commission, transaction and revenue subscription model (Matzler, Bailom and Kohler, 2013). They have been able to strive in the e-commerce industry. Apart from this, they have competitive advantage in the industry due to their proactive approach and first mover advantage. The Revenue model innovation of Alibaba focuses on sharing revenues. It makes it easy for people to connect and sell their products through its platform. Furthermore, they have ensured that they take into consideration the competitive environment in the market. Their flexible business model has been beneficial for them because they can make changes before other companies. This has allowed them to create products and services as per the demands of the consumers. They also allow their customers to give their feedback about the products and services (Business Model Alibaba, 2014). Even though the competitive rivalry has been strong in China but the business model of Alibaba has allowed them to create a large customer base. They have been able to outperform in the industry as compared to other rivals. The main components which have helped them to become a leading online store are competitive prices, high information density, reliability, latest technology and customised services (Casadesus Masanell and Zhu, 2013). They have been able to expand their business to any different countries and their revenue model has given them advantage in the region. Company 2: Dominos Pizza Dominos Pizza is restaurant chain which has more than 13,000 outlets in different countries. They have used brand recognition and innovations to gain strategic competitive advantage in the industry. They have ensured that they provide high quality products and adapt to the needs and preferences of the consumers (Dominos Competitive Strategy, 2013). Dominos Pizza have been using enterprise business model which has been beneficial for them. They have more than 10,000 outlets and franchises which covers 70 countries. Dominos Pizza has been selected for the analysis because they have become a market leader. Their business model of franchises and low cost infrastructure has made it more successful as compared to other competitors (Matzler, Bailom and Kohler, 2013). Dominos has used differentiating targeting strategy to take advantage of the opportunities in the market. They have variety of products in their portfolio and they have established the brand with the help of competitive pricing strategy. Furthermore, they have been able to change the value chain after the adoption of enterprise business model (Casadesus Masanell and Zhu, 2013). It has allowed them to improve the efficiency and quality of the products. They have also ensured that their business possesses deeper knowledge about their customers. It helps the business model of the company to evolve. But it requires positive organisaitonal culture which has been provided by the management. Their production, distribution, management, offerings and sales have improved. Their networks have helped them to expand their reach which has increased their customer base (Gnzel and Holm, 2013). Dominos have used a business model typology to make changes in their existing strategies and plans. It can be used for reconfiguration and business innovation. It includes assessing the current business model, planning implementation and monitoring of new business model. Their supply chain has also been vertically integrated which has enabled them to reduce the cost and manage their resources (Dominos Competitive Strategy, 2013). Along with this, the new business model has significantly improved their distribution system and value delivery process. Their turnaround time has also reduced which has helped them to increase the satisfaction level of the consumers. Their awareness and innovated strategies have been beneficial for them. Other competitors such as Papa Jones, Pizza Hut, Greco, etc have found it difficult to match up with the services and quality provided by the Dominos. Their model is difficult to replicate for the new companies and the competitors in the market (Casadesus Masanell and Zhu, 2013). Dominos has made sure that they continue to grow and adapt to the changing busine ss environment. Conclusion It can be concluded from the above that both Alibaba and Dominos have been performing well in terms of competition and profitability. They have focused on innovation and continuous development. Alibaba has been following Revenue model innovation theory in the business. On the other hand, Dominos has been using enterprise business model to take first mover advantage in the industry. References Business Model Alibaba. 2014. [Online]. Available through: https://groupithq.blogspot.in/2014/10/business-model-of-alibaba.html [Accessed on 15th August 2017] Casadesus Masanell, R. and Zhu, F., 2013. Business model innovation and competitive imitation: The case of sponsor based business models. Strategic management journal, 34(4), pp.464-482. Dominos Competitive Strategy. 2013. [Online]. Available through: https://www.forbes.com/sites/halahtouryalai/2013/10/15/technology-not-pizza-helps-dominos-crush-competitors-and-grow-faster-than-mcdonalds-overseas/#53efdeecfdcf [Accessed on 15th August 2017] Gnzel, F. and Holm, A.B., 2013. One size does not fit allunderstanding the front-end and back-end of business model innovation. International Journal of Innovation Management, 17(01), p.1340002. Matzler, K., Bailom, F., Friedrich von den Eichen, S. and Kohler, T., 2013. Business model innovation: coffee triumphs for Nespresso. Journal of Business Strategy, 34(2), pp.30-37.